WINDOWS NETWORK AND SYSTEM SECURITY

Step 1 - Modify Explorer.exe File

In order to make the changes, the file explorer.exe located at C:\Windows needs to be edited. Since explorer.exe is a binary file it requires a special editor. For purposes of this article I have used Resource Hacker. Resource HackerTM is a freeware utility to view, modify, rename, add, delete and extract resources in 32bit Windows executables and resource files (*.res). It incorporates an internal resource script compiler and decompiler and works on Microsoft Windows 95/98/ME, Windows NT, Windows 2000 and Windows XP operating systems.

get this from h**p://delphi.icm.edu.pl/ftp/tools/ResHack.zip

The first step is to make a backup copy of the file explorer.exe located at C:\Windows\explorer. Place it in a folder somewhere on your hard drive where it will be safe. Start Resource Hacker and open explorer.exe located at C:\Windows\explorer.exe.

The category we are going to be using is "String Table". Expand it by clicking the plus sign then navigate down to and expand string 37 followed by highlighting 1033. If you are using the Classic Layout rather than the XP Layout, use number 38. The right hand pane will display the stringtable. We’re going to modify item 578, currently showing the word “start” just as it displays on the current Start button.

There is no magic here. Just double click on the word “start” so that it’s highlighted, making sure the quotation marks are not part of the highlight. They need to remain in place, surrounding the new text that you’ll type. Go ahead and type your new entry. In my case I used Click Me!

You’ll notice that after the new text string has been entered the Compile Script button that was grayed out is now active. I won’t get into what’s involved in compiling a script, but suffice it to say it’s going to make this exercise worthwhile. Click Compile Script and then save the altered file using the Save As command on the File Menu. Do not use the Save command – Make sure to use the Save As command and choose a name for the file. Save the newly named file to C:\Windows.


Step 2 – Modify the Registry

!!!make a backup of your registry before making changes!!!

Now that the modified explorer.exe has been created it’s necessary to modify the registry so the file will be recognized when the user logs on to the system. If you don’t know how to access the registry I’m not sure this article is for you, but just in case it’s a temporary memory lapse, go to Start (soon to be something else) Run and type regedit in the Open field. Navigate to:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ SOFTWARE\ Microsoft\ Windows NT\ CurrentVersion\ Winlogon

In the right pane, double click the "Shell" entry to open the Edit String dialog box. In Value data: line, enter the name that was used to save the modified explorer.exe file. Click OK.

Now for NETWORK AND SYSTEM SECURITY Close Registry Editor and either log off the system and log back in, or reboot the entire system if that’s your preference. If all went as planned you should see your new Start button with the revised text.[/b]

keyboard shortcut 2

General Keyboard ShortcutsAlt + D Move focus to address bar in Windows Explorer and Internet ExplorerAlt + D, Tab Move focus to search bar in Windows Explorer and Internet ExplorerAlt + Enter Open Properties window of selected itemAlt + Esc Cycle through all open windows.Alt + P Turn Preview Pane on or off in Windows ExplorerAlt + Left Arrow Go back in Windows ExplorerAlt + Right Arrow Go forward in Windows ExplorerAlt + underlined letter Display the corresponding menu or Perform the menu commandAlt + Up Arrow Go Up a directory in Windows ExplorerAlt + Tab select a open items or windows to see.Alt + Spacebar Open menu of the current active windowCtrl + Alt + Tab Use the arrow keys to switch between open items or windowsCtrl + Down Arrow Move the cursor to the beginning of the next paragraphCtrl + Up Arrow Move the cursor to the beginning of the previous paragraphCtrl + Left Arrow Move the cursor to the beginning of the previous wordCtrl + Right Arrow Move the cursor to the beginning of the next wordCtrl + Shift + Arrow Select a block of textCtrl + Arrow + Spacebar Select multiple individual items in a window or on the desktopCtrl + A Select all items in active open windowCtrl + C Copy the selected itemCtrl + Esc Open Start menuCtrl + Mouse Wheel Increase or decrease icon size in current active Windows Explorer window or desktopCtrl + N Opens new Windows Explorer or Internet Explorer windowCtrl + Shift + N Creates a New Folder on the active desktop or in the active Windows Explorer window.Ctrl + Shift + Esc Open Task ManagerCtrl + V Paste the selected itemCtrl + X Cut the selected itemCtrl + Y Redo an actionCtrl + Z Undo an actionDelete Delete the selected item and move it to the Recycle BinEnd Scroll to the bottom of the current active windowEsc Cancel the current taskHome Scroll to the top of the current active windowRight Arrow Open the next menu to the right, or open a submenuLeft Arrow Open the next menu to the left, or close a submenuShift + Arrow Select more than one item in a window or on the desktop, or select text within a documentShift + Delete Delete selected item permanently without it going to the Recycle Bin first.Shift + Left Click Select a item or multiple itemsShift (when you insert a CD) Prevent the CD from automatically playingCalculator Keyboard ShortcutsAlt+1 Switch to Standard modeAlt+2 Switch to Scientific modeAlt+3 Switch to Programmer modeAlt+4 Switch to Statistics modeAlt + C Calculate or solve date calculations and worksheetsCtrl + E Open date calculationsCtrl + H Turn calculation history on or offCtrl + L Press the MC buttonCtrl + M Press the MS buttonCtrl + P Press the M+ buttonCtrl + Q Press the M- buttonCtrl + R Press the MR buttonCtrl + U Open unit conversionDel Press the CE buttonEsc Press the C buttonF1 Open Calculator HelpF9 Press the +/– buttonR Press the 1/× button@ Press the square root buttonCtrl+ Shift + D Clear the calculation historyEnter Recalculate the calculation history after editingEsc Cancel editing the calculation historyF2 Edit the calculation historyDown Arrow Navigate down in the calculation historyUp Arrow Navigate up in the calculation historyD Press the Mod button in Scientific modeI Press the Inv button in Scientific modeL Press the log button in Scientific modeM Press the dms button in Scientific modeN Press the ln button in Scientific modeO Press the cos button in Scientific modeP Press the pi button in Scientific modeQ Press the x^2 button in Scientific modeS Press the sin button in Scientific modeT Press the tan button in Scientific modeV Press the F-E button in Scientific modeX Press the Exp button in Scientific modeY Press the x^y button in Scientific modeCtrl + B Press the 3√x button in Scientific modeCtrl + G Press the 10x button in Scientific modeCtrl + O Press the cosh button in Scientific modeCtrl + S Press the sinh button in Scientific modeCtrl + T Press the tanh button in Scientific modeCtrl + Y Press the y√x button in Scientific modeF3 Select Degrees in Scientific modeF4 Select Radians in Scientific modeF5 Select Grads in Scientific mode; Press the Int button in Scientific mode# Press the x^3 button in Scientific mode! Press the n! button in Scientific modeF2 Select Dword in Programmer modeF3 Select Word in Programmer modeF4 Select Byte in Programmer modeF5 Select Hex in Programmer modeF6 Select Dec in Programmer modeF7 Select Oct in Programmer modeF8 Select Bin in Programmer modeF12 Select Qword in Programmer modeJ Press the RoL button in Programmer modeK Press the RoR button in Programmer mode<> Press the Rsh button in Programmer mode% Press the Mod button in Programmer mode Press the Or button in Programmer mode^ Press the Xor button in Programmer mode~ Press the Not button in Programmer mode& Press the And button in Programmer modeSpacebar Toggles the bit value in Programmer modeA Press the Average button in Statistics modeD Press the CAD button in Statistics modeS Press the Sum button in Statistics modeT Press the S.D. button in Statistics modeCtrl + A Press the Average Sq button in Statistics modeCtrl + S Press the Sum Sq button in Statistics modeCtrl + T Press the Inv S.D. button in Statistics modeDialog Box Keyboard ShortcutsArrow Keys Select a button if the active option is a group of option buttonsBackspace Open a folder one level up if a folder is selected in the Save As or Open dialog boxCtrl + Shift + Tab Move back through tabsCtrl + Tab Move forward through tabsEnter Replaces clicking the mouse for many selected commandsF4 Display the items in the active listShift + Tab Move back through optionsSpacebar Select or clear the check box if the active option is a check boxTab Move forward through optionsEase of Access Keyboard ShortcutsLeft Alt + Left Shift + Num Lock Turn Mouse Keys on or offLeft Alt + Left Shift + PrtScn Turn High Contrast on or offNum Lock (hold for 8 seconds) Turn Toggle Keys on or offRight Shift (hold for 8 seconds) Turn Filter Keys on and offShift (pressed 5 times) Turn Sticky Keys on or offWindows Key + U Open Ease of Access CenterFunction Key Keyboard ShortcutsF1 Open Help windowF2 Rename the selected itemF3 Opens Search windowF4 Display the Address bar drop down list in Windows Explorer and Internet ExplorerF5 Refresh the current active windowF6 Cycle through items in current active windowF10 Displays the menu bar in the active window and underlines the menu bar shortcut keysF11 Toggle Full Screen Mode On or Off in Windows Explorer and Internet ExplorerAlt + F4 Close the current active window or program. From the desktop, it opens the Shut Down Windows window.Ctrl + F4 Close the active document (in programs that allow you to have multiple documents open simultaneously)Shift + F10 Open context menu of selected itemMagnifier Keyboard ShortcutsCtrl + Alt + Arrow keys Pan in the direction of the arrow keysCtrl + Alt + D Switch to docked modeCtrl + Alt + F Switch to full-screen modeCtrl + Alt + I Invert colorsCtrl + Alt + L Switch to lens modeCtrl + Alt + R Resize the lensCtrl + Alt + Spacebar Show the mouse pointerWindows Key + Esc Exit MagnifierWindows Key + Plus Sign (+) or Minus Sign (-) Zoom in or outPaint Keyboard ShortcutsAlt Display keytipsAlt + F4 Close a picture and its Paint windowCtrl + A Select the entire pictureCtrl + B Bold selected textCtrl + C Copy a selection to the ClipboardCtrl + E Open the Properties dialog boxCtrl + G Show or hide gridlinesCtrl + I Italicize selected textCtrl + Minus Sign (-) Decrease the width of a brush, line, or shape outline by one pixelCtrl + N Create a new pictureCtrl + O Open an existing pictureCtrl + P Print a pictureCtrl + Page Down Zoom outCtrl + Page Up Zoom inCtrl + Plus Sign (+) Increase the width of a brush, line, or shape outline by one pixelCtrl + R Show or hide the rulerCtrl + S Save changes to a pictureCtrl + U Underline selected textCtrl + V Paste a selection from the ClipboardCtrl + W Open the Resize and Skew dialog boxCtrl + X Cut a selectionCtrl + Y Redo a changeCtrl + Z Undo a changeDelete Delete a selectionEsc Cancel a selectionF1 Open Paint HelpF10 Display keytipsShift + F10 Show the current shortcut menuF11 View a picture in full-screen modeF12 Save the picture as a new fileRight Arrow Move the selection or active shape right by one pixelLeft Arrow Move the selection or active shape left by one pixelDown Arrow Move the selection or active shape down by one pixelUp Arrow Move the selection or active shape up by one pixelRemote Desktop Keyboard ShortcutsAlt + Delete Display the system menu.Alt + Home Display the Start menu.Alt + Insert Cycle through programs in the order that they were started in.Alt + Page Down Move between programs from right to left.Alt + Page Up Move between programs from left to right.Ctrl + Alt + Break Switch between a window and full screen.Ctrl + Alt + End Display the Windows Security dialog box.Ctrl + Alt + Minus Sign (-) on numeric keypad Place a copy of the active window, within the client, on the Terminal server clipboard (provides the same functionality as pressing Alt+PrtScn on a local computer).Ctrl + Alt + Plus Sign (+) on numeric keypad Place a copy of the entire client window area on the Terminal server clipboard (provides the same functionality as pressing PrtScn on a local computer).Ctrl + Alt + Right Arrow Tab out of the Remote Desktop controls to a control in the host program (for example, a button or a text box). Useful when the Remote Desktop controls are embedded in another (host) program.Ctrl + Alt + Left Arrow Tab out of the Remote Desktop controls to a control in the host program (for example, a button or a text box). Useful when the Remote Desktop controls are embedded in another (host) program.Taskbar Keyboard ShortcutsCtrl + Left Click Use on pinned taskbar program icon links to switch through that program's open windows.Ctrl + Shift + Left Click Use on pinned taskbar program icon links to open another instance of that program with Administrator privilegesShift + Left Click Use on pinned taskbar program icon links to open another instance of that program.Shift + Right Click Use on pinned taskbar program icon links to open the context menu for the icon.Windows Key + 1 to 0 Opens the pinned taskbar icon link that corresponds to the order that they are in from left (1) to right (0) on the taskbar. 0 is for 10.Windows Key + T Cycle through programs on the taskbar. Press Enter to open the one selected.Windows Key + Shift + T Cycle backwards through programs on the taskbar. Press Enter to open the one selected.Windows Logo Keyboard ShortcutsWindows Key Open or close the Start menuWindows Key + Pause/Break Opens the System properties windowWindows Key + B Moves focus to Notification Area on the taskbarCtrl + Windows Key + B Switch focus to the program that displayed a message in the notification areaWindows Key + D Toggles to Show Desktop and restore desktopWindows Key + M Minimize all opened windowsWindows Key + Shift + M Restore minimized windows to the desktopWindows Key + E Open Window Explorer to LibrariesWindows Key + F Open Search windowCtrl + Windows Key + F Search for computers (if you are on a network)Windows Key + G Displays desktop gadgetsWindows Key + L Lock your computer or switch usersWindows Key + P Displays desktop to projector display presentation switch window.Windows Key + R Open Run command windowWindows Key + T Cycle through programs on the taskbar. Press Enter to open the one selected.Windows Key + Shift + T Cycle backwards through programs on the taskbar. Press Enter to open the one selected.Windows Key + Tab Cycle through open windows by using Flip 3D. Release to open the window in the front.Ctrl+Windows Key + Tab Use the tab or arrow keys to cycle through open windows by using Flip 3D. Press enter or click on the first window to open the window in the front.Windows Key + U Open Ease of Access CenterWindows Key + X Open Windows Mobility CenterWindows Key + Spacebar Press and hold for a Desktop Preview. Also known as Aero Peak.Windows Key + 1 to 0 Opens the program pinned to the taskbar that corresponds to the order that they are in from left (1) to right (0) on the taskbar. 0 is for 10.Ctrl+Windows Key + 1 to 0 Switch to the last active window of the program pinned to the taskbar that corresponds to the order that they are in from left (1) to right (0) on the taskbar. 0 is for 10.Shift + Windows Key + 1 to 0 Start a new instance of the program pinned to the taskbar that corresponds to the order that they are in from left (1) to right (0) on the taskbar. 0 is for 10. If the program is already running, switch to that program.Windows Key + Left Arrow Docks and undocks current active window to the left side of the screen.Windows Key + Shift+ Left Arrow Moves the current active window over one monitor to the left.Windows Key + Right Arrow Docks and undocks current active window to the right side of the screen.Windows Key, Right Arrow, Enter ShutdownWindows Key, Right Arrow, Right Arrow, R RestartWindows Key, Right Arrow, Right Arrow, S SleepWindows Key, Right Arrow, Right Arrow, W Switch UsersWindows Key + Shift+ Right Arrow Moves the current active window over one monitor to the right.Windows Key + Up Arrow Maximizes current active window to full screen.Windows Key + Shift + Up Arrow Maximizes current active window vertically.Windows Key + Shift + Down Arrow Restores vertically maximized current active window back to the way it was before maximized vertically.Windows Key + Down Arrow Minimizes current active window to taskbar.Windows Key + Home Toggles minimize and restore not active open windows.Windows Key + + Zoom inWindows Key + - Zoom outWindows Key + = Open MagnifierWindows Media Player Keyboard ShortcutsAlt + 1 Video Size 50% in Now Playing or skin mode, with a video playingAlt + 2 Video Size 100% in Now Playing or skin mode, with a video playingAlt + 3 Video Size 200% in Now Playing or skin mode, with a video playingAlt + Enter Full Screen Toggle in Now Playing, skin, or full screen modeCtrl + 1 Switches to library mode from any modeCtrl + 2 Switches to skin mode from any modeCtrl + 3 Switches to player mode from any mode except full screenCtrl + 7 Add to Play in library modeCtrl + 8 Add to Burn in library modeCtrl + 9 Add to Sync in library modeCtrl + A Selects everything in a list in the library or listCtrl + B Previous (Item or Chapter) with content playingCtrl + E Focus on Search text box and switch to library mode if not thereCtrl + F Next (Item or Chapter) with content playingCtrl + H Turn on/off shuffle modeCtrl + J Eject in any modeCtrl + M Toggle menu bar in library in any modeCtrl + N Create playlist in library modeCtrl + O Shows Open Dialog in any modeCtrl + P Play/Pause Toggle with content queued upCtrl + Q Adds selected track to open list. Default is Play list.Ctrl + S Stops Playback with content playingCtrl + T Turn on/off repeat mode in any modeCtrl + U Shows Open URL Dialog in any modeCtrl + W Stops playback with content playing or pausedCtrl + Shift + B Rewinds playing content with DVD playingCtrl + Shift + C Caption On/Off Toggle when playing content which has captionsCtrl + Shift + F Fast forwards playing content with content playingCtrl + Shift + G Play Speed Fast with content playingCtrl + Shift + N Play Speed Normal with content playingCtrl + Shift + S Play Speed Slow with content playingCtrl + Right Arrow Next playlist in playlist history when focus is not on Seek barCtrl + Left Arrow Previous playlist in playlist history when focus is not on Seek barCtrl + Right Arrow Skip forward (large increment) when focus is on Seek barCtrl + Left Arrow Skip backward (large increment) when focus is on Seek barShift + Right Arrow Skip forward (small increment) when focus is on Seek barShift + Left Arrow Skip backward (small increment) when focus is on Seek barRight Arrow Skip forward when focus is on Seek barLeft Arrow Skip backward when focus is on Seek barCtrl + Click Resize player to image in Now Playing modeEscape Return to Now Playing in Full Screen ModeF1 Opens Help file in any modeF2 Edit meta data column in library mode with an item selectedF4 Switch view mode in library mode, focus in list viewF5 Refresh screen when focus is on library or in online servicesF6 Increases album art when focus is in list viewShift + F6 Decreases album art when focus is in list viewF7 Mutes sound in any modeF8 Decrease sound volume in any modeF9 Increases sound volume in any modeF10 Show menu bar in library from any modeShift + F10 Context menu shortcut in any modeWordPad Keyboard ShortcutsAlt + F4 Close WordPadCtrl + 1 Set single line spacingCtrl + 2 Set double line spacingCtrl + 5 Set line spacing to 1.5Ctrl + A Select the entire documentCtrl + Shift + A Change characters to all capitalsCtrl + B Make selected text boldCtrl + C Copy a selection to the ClipboardCtrl + D Insert a Microsoft Paint drawingCtrl + Delete Delete the next wordCtrl + E Align text centerCtrl + End Move to the end of the documentCtrl + F Find text in a documentCtrl + H Replace text in a documentCtrl + Home Move to the beginning of the documentCtrl + I Italicize selected textCtrl + J Justify textCtrl + L Align text leftCtrl + Shift + L Change the bullet styleCtrl + N Create a new documentCtrl + O Open an existing documentCtrl + P Print a documentCtrl + Page Down Move down one pageCtrl + Page Up Move up one pageCtrl + R Align text rightCtrl + S Save changes to a documentCtrl + U Underline selected textCtrl + V Paste a selection from the ClipboardCtrl + X Cut a selectionCtrl + Y Redo a changeCtrl + Z Undo a changeCtrl + = Make selected text subscriptCtrl + Shift + = Make selected text superscriptCtrl + Shift + > Increase the font sizeCtrl + Shift + < Decrease the font sizeCtrl + Left Arrow Move the cursor one word to the leftCtrl + Right Arrow Move the cursor one word to the rightCtrl + Up Arrow Move the cursor to the line aboveCtrl + Down Arrow Move the cursor to the line belowF1 Open WordPad HelpF3 Find the next instance of the text in the Find dialog boxF10 Display keytipsShift + F10 Show the current shortcut menuF12 Save the document as a new file

keyboard shortcut

Windows Explorer Keyboard ShortcutsAlt + D Select the address barAlt + Enter Open the Properties dialog box for the selected itemAlt + P Display the preview paneAlt+Left Arrow View the previous folderAlt + Right Arrow View the next folderAlt + Up Arrow View the parent folderCtrl + E Select the search boxCtrl + Mouse scroll wheel Change the size and appearance of file and folder iconsCtrl + N Open a new windowCtrl + Shift + N Creates a New Folder on the active desktop or in the active Windows Explorer window.End Display the bottom of the active windowF11 Maximize or minimize the active windowHome Display the top of the active windowNum Lock + Asterisk (*) on numeric keypad Display all subfolders under the selected folderNum Lock + Plus Sign (+) on numeric keypad Display the contents of the selected folderNum Lock + Minus Sign (-) on numeric keypad Collapse the selected folderLeft Arrow Collapse the current selection (if it's expanded), or select the parent folderRight Arrow Display the current selection (if it's collapsed), or select the first subfolder